Combustion chamber for oil-burning furnaces



April'1 4,1925. 1,533,533

- G.WIRRER COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR OIL BURNING FURNACES Fi ed June 1922 BY g ATTORNEY? WITNESS Patented Apr. 14, 1925.

. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GOTTFRIED WIRRER, OF PLAINFIELD, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO INTERNATIONAL MOTOR COMPANY, OF NEW YORK, N. Y., A CORPORATION OF DELAWARE.

COMBUSTION CHAMBER FOR OIL-BURNING FURNACES.

Application filed June 6,

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GOTTFRIED WIRRER, a citizen of the Swiss Republic, residing in Plainfield, in the State of New Jersey, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in C mbustion Chambers for Oil- Burning Fur aces, of which the following is a specification, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, formed a" part hereo This invention relates to oil or gas burning furnaces and more particularly, to an improved combustion chamber therefor. Such furnaces as now constructed are inefiicient and unsatisfactory by reason of incomplete combustion of the fuel and heat losses due to the impinging of the flame on walls or the work and injury to material occasioned by such impinging. For instance, in under-fired furnaces the flame impinges on the hearth and is apt to so burn it as to shorten its life materially and require expensive repairs. The side-fired furnace, as now constructed requires considerably more fioor space than any other type and does not give uniform heat distribution. The overfired furnace is compact and, generally speaking, does not have the disadvantages of the other two types but no practical means have been provided for securing complete combustion and for eliminating the employment of baflles of some form which cause heat losses. In accordance with the present invention the improved combustion chamber is adaptable for use with one of the above named types and provides matecomplete combustion thereof;

rial advantages although, in one of the most practical forms, now in use,.the improved combustion chamber is incorporated in an over-fired furnace. The accompanying drawings illustrate such an embodiment and the detailed description will be given with reference to it, although it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to such use and many of the advantages of it may be realized when the chamber is associated with either one of the other two types of furnaces. More particularly, the present construction provides a combustion chamber in which provision is made for burning fuel in suspension'and for assuring It further provides, to this end, for the recirculation of theburning gases in a whirling motion for a sufiicient time for such complete com- 1922. Serial No. 566,238.

bustion to occur without the addition of excess an. The improved chamber also provides for the projection of hot gases at low velocity onto the work or hearth without the impinging of any flame thereon.

The invention will be described in greater detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is a view in vertical section showmg a furnace of the over-fired type having the improved combustion chamber incorporated therein.

Figure 2 is a view in horizontal section through the combustion chamber shown in Figure 1 and taken along the plane of the line 2-2- and looking in the direction of the arrows.

As indicated hereinbefore, many of the advantages of the improved combustion chamber may be realized in furnaces of either the under-fired or the side-fired type although this description is given with reference to its incorporation in a furnace of the overfired type wherein the advantages are of great importance. As shown in Figure 1 the furnace a which may be of any form and dimensions may have the work placed on the hearth a thereof and have built in its top a combustion chamber 5 of improved form. This combustion chamber, generally speaking, is of frusto-conical form, with its walls flaring downwardly and outwardly. In cross sectional form the combustion chamber maybe cylindrical or elliptical. Near the top thereof is formed an extended lateral opening Z) in the mouth of which is introduced the fuel burner c. This elongated opening I) as appears most clearly from Figure 2 is disposedtangentially with respect to the wall of the combustion chamber and, itself, may be of tapered form and widest at its inner end. It has been found in practice that where the flame from the nozzle 0 is thus projected along an elongated opening before introduction into the. combustion space proper that the fuel particles may be burned in suspension. After issuing from the inner end of the opening 6' into the combustion space proper the gases following thepath of the curved wall of the chamberrb have impressed thereon a whirling motion-so that I); This recirculation in this space insures their course over a long path and allows llU plates of any kind are employed for the flame to impinge upon. Reliance for the heating is placed solely upon the gases which are projected from the combustion chamber onto the work or hearth. Efficiency is further assured by bringing about the complete combustion of such gases prior to their projection in the manner described. Suitable fines a permit the escape of the used gases in accordance with common practice.

It will be evident that in the actual designing of a furnace matters of dimension and distances will be taken into account. For instance. where a long furnace is employed it might be desirable to make the mouth of each combustion chamber of such width with respect to the width of the hearth that the gases when projected downwardly will be dispersed over the entire width of-the hearth as indicated in Figure 1. The combustion chamber will be made of a suitable corresponding shape. Any number of the units might be thus employed to afford a heating area over the entire hearth. Further, in view of the spreading course taken by the projected gases the distance between the hearth and the combustion chamber might be also regulated so as to use all of the gases in the most effective manner.

What I claim is:

1. An over-fired oil or gas burning furnace having a hearth, a combustion chamber in the upper wall of the furnace of generally frusto-conical form and having its walls flaring downwardly and outwardly with respect to the hearth, an elongated fuel inlet opening frusto-conical in form and having its widest portion extending through the wall of the combustion chamber and discharging thereinto adjacent the upper end thereto and tangential thereto.

2. A combustion chamber for an oil or gas burning furnace, comprising a chamber which is narrower at one end than at the other, the wall of the chamber at the narrow end being provided with a tapering passage for the incoming fuel that opens at its wid- 'est portion tangentially into the chamber,

and means for leading the burnt gases from the larger end of the chamber.

3. A combustion chamber for an oil or gas burning furnace, comprising a hearth at the bottom of the chamber on which the work is placed, walls extending upwardly therefrom to define a combustion chamber that narrows toward the top thereof, one of the walls being provided with a passage of frustoconical outline for the incoming fuel that opens withan elongated opening into the upper, narrowed portion of the combustion chamber at one side thereof.

GOTTFRIED WIRRER.

May, A. 

